In the realm of liquids, a captivating interplay exists between tranquil motion and the unpredictable forces of turbulence. When a liquid flows smoothly, it exhibits delicate patterns, reminiscent of a flowing river. Molecules glide in an orderly fashion, their interactions nuanced. This harmonious state is known as steady motion. But when ex

Thomson's Plum Pudding model, while groundbreaking for its time, faced several criticisms as scientists developed a deeper understanding of atomic structure. One major drawback was its inability to explain the results of Rutherford's gold foil experiment. The model predicted that alpha particles would traverse through the plum pudding with minimal